{
  "id": 3376,
  "title": "Approach of team Supernova (lenstool wrapper)",
  "content": "<p>Interesting competition. Thank you!</p>\r\n<p>Let me briefly describe the approach / findings of the team Supernova. I believe it is quite different from what I have read here so far.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>We had the public score 0.72590 and the consistent private score of 0.72645.</p>\r\n<p>Omitting the first few weeks of the competition when we tried approaches similar to those already mentioned, we then (finally) managed to compile and run lenstool and directed our efforts in this direction. Our current approach could be named &quot;lenstool wrapper&quot;\r\n or &quot;lenstool ensemble.&quot; It can be seen as a random forest with (randomized) lenstool predictions as base learners. Steps of our algorithm for a fixed sky:</p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>Generate multiple lenstool predictions on skies with subsampled galaxies (for example, use only 80% of randomly chosen galaxies). In the given amount of time and given our resources, for a 3-halo sky, we could get &nbsp;roughly 50 different triples of halo location\r\n estimates, and even more for 2-halo skies. </li><li>Merge these estimates together (sort of clustering, partially informed) </li><li>Apply heuristic rules to the final estimates to further improve the score (both components of the error metric)\r\n</li></ol>\r\n<div>Comments:</div>\r\n<div>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Simple error analysis: replacing our strongest halo estimates (in all types of skies) with ground truth didn't improve the score much =&gt; 1st halo estimation is basically solved and thus we focused solely on 2nd and 3rd halo\r\n</li><li>Examples of heuristic rules: two estimates are too close to each other =&gt; they were, in reality, estimating the same halo =&gt; shift one of them to [2100 2100]; another rule: spread of individual estimates (to be clustered) was too high =&gt; unreliable =&gt; shift\r\n to [2100 2100]; And so on. At the end, we had 20-30 working rules, shifting the positions around, removing outliers, taking care of the boundary issues, etc.\r\n</li><li>An important part of the system was the ability to determine situations when we can NOT reliably determine 2nd or 3rd halo location (mass of the halo below detectable threshold) and then place the estimate to the location where it minimizes expected error\r\n (either the first or the second component of the error metric). </li><li>Another important element of our system: slight shifting of 1st halo estimates at the very end to reduce the angular error component (decreased angular error by 0.05 or so).\r\n</li></ul>\r\n<div>In general, we used training set as a (careful) feedback for our decisions. At the very end, we actually incorporated a second layer of ensembling - we repeated the steps 2-3 of our algorithm 1000 times with different subsets of available lenstool estimates\r\n and merged these together (median).</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div>Our training score on 3x30 training skies (mean &#43;- average over 1000 skies):</div>\r\n<div>F/1000 = 0.7081 &#43;- 0.0398</div>\r\n<div>G = 0.0584 &#43;- 0.0299</div>\r\n<div>score = 0.7665 &#43;- 0.0515</div>",
  "comments": [
    {
      "id": 18051,
      "author_name": "Anaconda",
      "author_url": "",
      "post_date": "2012-12-17T18:22:54.657000",
      "content": "<p>Good point, it would make more sense to &quot;weight&quot; the angular error term based on the halo mass.</p>\r\n<p>Let me clarify my argument: Let's say you have accurate estimates of 1Halo skies, and a fixed solution of 2Halo and 3Halo skies. Now, shifting your 1Halo sky predictions farther from ground truth (and leaving everything else untouched) should not improve\r\n the &quot;quality&quot; of your solution. If this noticeably improves your score, then the score metric is inappropriately defined. In other words, I believe that intentional degradation of your solution (in terms of the distance from the ground truth) shouldn't lead\r\n to score improvements.</p>\r\n<p>Real application of our techniques would be for a separate discussion, as in reality you don't know the number of halos.</p>",
      "votes": 1,
      "replies": []
    },
    {
      "id": 18050,
      "author_name": "Iain",
      "author_url": "",
      "post_date": "2012-12-17T18:08:53.893000",
      "content": "<p>I don't buy the argument &quot;Shifting the predictions (and thus making them less accurate) shouldn't improve the overall quality of your solution&quot;. That statement assumes that the Dark Worlds metric is wrong (prefers less accurate answers, rather than defining\r\n accuracy), so can't be used as an argument against the metric. The halo positions are uncertain:\r\n<em>any</em> point prediction throws away information, and different error measures will suggest different point estimates. The measure that you started with (maybe a mean-square-error cost function) may not have good properties for some purposes, and shifting\r\n the points from that could be appropriate.</p>\r\n<p>Having said that, I am also not convinced about the cost function: for example, the position of a halo with negligible mass can really matter. However, it's difficult to know what should be done without knowing how the results will be used downstream. In\r\n the real application it may be possible to do better by not summarizing all of the information in a sky into any single point estimate of its halos.</p>",
      "votes": 0,
      "replies": []
    },
    {
      "id": 18044,
      "author_name": "Anaconda",
      "author_url": "",
      "post_date": "2012-12-17T17:23:16.083000",
      "content": "<p>I believe that final shifting of halos helped us to reduce the second error term, yes. At the same time, we were increasing the very same angular component by putting other halos to the center. So overall, we may just have been &quot;fixing the mess&quot; we had created\r\n :-)</p>\r\n<p>I am still personally not convinced about the usefullness of the angular component, though. Shifting the predictions (and thus making them less accurate) shouldn't improve the overall quality of your solution.</p>",
      "votes": 0,
      "replies": []
    },
    {
      "id": 18037,
      "author_name": "Iain",
      "author_url": "",
      "post_date": "2012-12-17T16:51:22.203000",
      "content": "<p>Interesting, thank you. I'm guessing that a big part of your success was explicitly tuning for the Dark World's metric (in combination with all of your clever ensembling/wrapping). A lot of the methods that other teams have described didn't seem to consider\r\n the weird way in which the predictions would be judged.</p>",
      "votes": 0,
      "replies": []
    }
  ],
  "comment_count": 4,
  "messages": [
    {
      "id": 18028,
      "postDate": "2012-12-17T16:12:38.493Z",
      "content": "<p>Interesting competition. Thank you!</p>\r\n<p>Let me briefly describe the approach / findings of the team Supernova. I believe it is quite different from what I have read here so far.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>We had the public score 0.72590 and the consistent private score of 0.72645.</p>\r\n<p>Omitting the first few weeks of the competition when we tried approaches similar to those already mentioned, we then (finally) managed to compile and run lenstool and directed our efforts in this direction. Our current approach could be named &quot;lenstool wrapper&quot;\r\n or &quot;lenstool ensemble.&quot; It can be seen as a random forest with (randomized) lenstool predictions as base learners. Steps of our algorithm for a fixed sky:</p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>Generate multiple lenstool predictions on skies with subsampled galaxies (for example, use only 80% of randomly chosen galaxies). In the given amount of time and given our resources, for a 3-halo sky, we could get &nbsp;roughly 50 different triples of halo location\r\n estimates, and even more for 2-halo skies. </li><li>Merge these estimates together (sort of clustering, partially informed) </li><li>Apply heuristic rules to the final estimates to further improve the score (both components of the error metric)\r\n</li></ol>\r\n<div>Comments:</div>\r\n<div>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Simple error analysis: replacing our strongest halo estimates (in all types of skies) with ground truth didn't improve the score much =&gt; 1st halo estimation is basically solved and thus we focused solely on 2nd and 3rd halo\r\n</li><li>Examples of heuristic rules: two estimates are too close to each other =&gt; they were, in reality, estimating the same halo =&gt; shift one of them to [2100 2100]; another rule: spread of individual estimates (to be clustered) was too high =&gt; unreliable =&gt; shift\r\n to [2100 2100]; And so on. At the end, we had 20-30 working rules, shifting the positions around, removing outliers, taking care of the boundary issues, etc.\r\n</li><li>An important part of the system was the ability to determine situations when we can NOT reliably determine 2nd or 3rd halo location (mass of the halo below detectable threshold) and then place the estimate to the location where it minimizes expected error\r\n (either the first or the second component of the error metric). </li><li>Another important element of our system: slight shifting of 1st halo estimates at the very end to reduce the angular error component (decreased angular error by 0.05 or so).\r\n</li></ul>\r\n<div>In general, we used training set as a (careful) feedback for our decisions. At the very end, we actually incorporated a second layer of ensembling - we repeated the steps 2-3 of our algorithm 1000 times with different subsets of available lenstool estimates\r\n and merged these together (median).</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div>Our training score on 3x30 training skies (mean &#43;- average over 1000 skies):</div>\r\n<div>F/1000 = 0.7081 &#43;- 0.0398</div>\r\n<div>G = 0.0584 &#43;- 0.0299</div>\r\n<div>score = 0.7665 &#43;- 0.0515</div>",
      "votes": 4
    },
    {
      "id": 18051,
      "postDate": "2012-12-17T18:22:54.657Z",
      "content": "<p>Good point, it would make more sense to &quot;weight&quot; the angular error term based on the halo mass.</p>\r\n<p>Let me clarify my argument: Let's say you have accurate estimates of 1Halo skies, and a fixed solution of 2Halo and 3Halo skies. Now, shifting your 1Halo sky predictions farther from ground truth (and leaving everything else untouched) should not improve\r\n the &quot;quality&quot; of your solution. If this noticeably improves your score, then the score metric is inappropriately defined. In other words, I believe that intentional degradation of your solution (in terms of the distance from the ground truth) shouldn't lead\r\n to score improvements.</p>\r\n<p>Real application of our techniques would be for a separate discussion, as in reality you don't know the number of halos.</p>",
      "votes": 1
    },
    {
      "id": 18050,
      "postDate": "2012-12-17T18:08:53.893Z",
      "content": "<p>I don't buy the argument &quot;Shifting the predictions (and thus making them less accurate) shouldn't improve the overall quality of your solution&quot;. That statement assumes that the Dark Worlds metric is wrong (prefers less accurate answers, rather than defining\r\n accuracy), so can't be used as an argument against the metric. The halo positions are uncertain:\r\n<em>any</em> point prediction throws away information, and different error measures will suggest different point estimates. The measure that you started with (maybe a mean-square-error cost function) may not have good properties for some purposes, and shifting\r\n the points from that could be appropriate.</p>\r\n<p>Having said that, I am also not convinced about the cost function: for example, the position of a halo with negligible mass can really matter. However, it's difficult to know what should be done without knowing how the results will be used downstream. In\r\n the real application it may be possible to do better by not summarizing all of the information in a sky into any single point estimate of its halos.</p>"
    },
    {
      "id": 18044,
      "postDate": "2012-12-17T17:23:16.083Z",
      "content": "<p>I believe that final shifting of halos helped us to reduce the second error term, yes. At the same time, we were increasing the very same angular component by putting other halos to the center. So overall, we may just have been &quot;fixing the mess&quot; we had created\r\n :-)</p>\r\n<p>I am still personally not convinced about the usefullness of the angular component, though. Shifting the predictions (and thus making them less accurate) shouldn't improve the overall quality of your solution.</p>"
    },
    {
      "id": 18037,
      "postDate": "2012-12-17T16:51:22.203Z",
      "content": "<p>Interesting, thank you. I'm guessing that a big part of your success was explicitly tuning for the Dark World's metric (in combination with all of your clever ensembling/wrapping). A lot of the methods that other teams have described didn't seem to consider\r\n the weird way in which the predictions would be judged.</p>"
    }
  ],
  "complete": true,
  "source": "live",
  "fetched_at": "2026-10-19T18:58:02Z",
  "competition_id": 3084,
  "competition_slug": "DarkWorlds",
  "team_id": 25583,
  "solution_url": "/competitions/DarkWorlds/writeups/supernova-approach-of-team-supernova-lenstool-wrap"
}