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  "fetched_at": "2026-10-20T09:04:53Z",
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      "content": "# Dataset Description\n\nThis dataset provides metadata and question files used in the WattBot challenge. Participants must build retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems that reason over these materials to answer questions about the energy use and environmental impact of different AI workloads.\n\nParticipants are responsible for downloading, parsing, chunking, embedding, and retrieving from these documents. No preprocessed text is provided.\n\n## Files\n\n- **`metadata.csv`**  \n  A machine-readable index of all referenced documents with the following fields:\n\n  - `id`: unique identifier for the document (e.g., `strubell2019`)  \n  - `type`: document category (`paper`, `report`, etc.)  \n  - `title`: document title  \n  - `year`: publication year  \n  - `citation`: formatted citation string  \n  - `url`: link to the original PDF or webpage  \n\n- **`train_QA.csv`**  \n  A set of annotated question–answer pairs to help you calibrate your RAG pipeline. The schema matches the solutions file.\n\n  Fields include:  \n  - `id`: question ID  \n  - `question`: full question text  \n  - `answer`: natural language response (fallback phrase if unanswerable)  \n  - `answer_value`: normalized numeric or categorical value (or `is_blank`)  \n  - `answer_unit`: unit of measurement (or `is_blank`)  \n  - `ref_id`: list of supporting document IDs from `metadata.csv` (or `is_blank`)  \n  - `ref_url`: URL(s) of the cited document(s) (or `is_blank`)  \n  - `supporting_materials`: verbatim evidence such as a quote, table/figure reference, or figure caption (or `is_blank`)  \n  - `explanation`: reasoning or calculation steps linking the evidence to the answer (or `is_blank`)\n\n- **`test_Q.csv`**  \nA larger set of questions with ground-truth answers hidden. You must generate predictions for these questions using your RAG system. Formatting conventions must match `train_QA.csv` ",
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      "name": "Description",
      "content": "## Background\nThe environmental impact of artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging concern in both industry and academia. As large models grow in popularity, so do their energy and resource requirements—raising questions about carbon emissions, water usage, and sustainability practices across the AI lifecycle. However, the knowledge needed to estimate or compare these impacts is often buried in technical literature, scattered across domains like machine learning, energy systems, and environmental science. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) offers a promising approach to extracting and synthesizing this information from unstructured documents. By combining document retrieval with generative language models, RAG systems can produce factually grounded answers supported by references.\n\n## Goal\nIn this challenge, you’ll use RAG to tackle real sustainability questions, drawing from a curated corpus of over 30 scholarly articles on AI’s environmental impact. Your system should generate responses that include:\n\n- A concise natural-language answer  \n- `ref_id` – ID(s) of the cited document(s) from `metadata.csv`  \n- `supporting_materials` –  Supporting materials from the retrieved reference(s) (e.g., a verbatim quote, table reference, or figure reference)\n- `explanation` –  Reasoning that connects the supporting materials to the final answer.\n\nIf no evidence exists, your system must emit the standardized fallback. Scores combine retrieval precision, numerical accuracy, and citation faithfulness.\n\n## Provided Data\n\n- `metadata.csv`: Contains document IDs, titles, and full citations  \n- `train_QA.csv`: Sample questions with answers and references provided \n- `test_Q.csv`: Test questions to be used for evaluation (answers not provided). Your solution file must provide answers to these questions for evaluation.\n\n### Question Types & Examples\n\nAll questions expect either (i) a numeric value, (ii) a specific term / concept name, or (iii) a True/False answer. Examples include: \n\n* **Question**: What is the estimated CO2 emissions (in pounds) from training the BERT‑base model for 79 hours on 64 V100 GPUs?\n**Answer**: 1438 lbs. Supporting refID(s): [strubel2019], Supporting materials: [Table 3].\n* **Question**: True or False: New AI data centers often rely on air cooling due to high server power densities. \n**Answer**: FALSE. Supporting refID(s): [li2025b], Supporting materials: [“In general, new data centers dedicated to AI training often rely on liquid cooling due to the high server power densities.”]\n* **Question**: What term refers to the amount of water evaporated, transpired, or incorporated into products, defined as “water withdrawal minus water discharge”?\n**Answer**: Water consumption. Supporting refID(s): [li2025b], Supporting materials: [“Water consumption: It is defined as “water withdrawal minus water discharge”, and means the amount of water “evaporated, transpired, incorporated into products or crops, or otherwise removed from the immediate water environment [13].””]\n* **Question**: How much does an elephant weigh?\t\n**Answer**: Unable to answer with confidence based on the provided documents.\n\n**Refer to to the train_QA.csv to explore other Q&A examples.**\n\n### Considerations\n- A small portion of questions require combining information from multiple documents (e.g., GPU power specs from one source and emissions rates from another). \n- A small portion of questions involve visual reasoning — for example, interpreting a graph in a paper to extract values. Participants are encouraged to use OCR techniques to extract information from figures, tables, or scanned pages where necessary.\n- A small portion of questions are intentionally unanswerable based on the provided corpus; your system must recognize and handle these appropriately.\n\n## Contact\n\nChris Endemann (endemann@wisc.edu)  \nHosted by ML+X at the University of Wisconsin-Madison \nSponsor info: https://hub.datascience.wisc.edu/communities/mlx/sponsorship/\n",
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      "name": "Evaluation",
      "content": "## Expected Output Format\n\nEach system prediction must include the all fields listed in `train_QA.csv`\n- **`id`**: The question ID (e.g., `q001`)\n- **`question`**: The original question text\n- **`answer`**: A clear natural-language response (e.g., `1438 lbs`, `Water consumption`, `TRUE`)'. \n  - If no answer is possible, use `\"Unable to answer with confidence based on the provided documents.\"`\n- **`answer_value`**: The normalized numeric or categorical value (e.g., `1438`, `Water consumption`, `1`)\n  - If no answer is possible, use `is_blank`\n  - Ranges should be encoded as `[low,high]`\n  - Do **not** include symbols like `<`, `>`, `~` here. Those can be left in the clear natural language column.\n- **`answer_unit`**: Unit of measurement (e.g., `lbs`, `kWh`, `gCO2`, `projects`, `is_blank`). \n- **`ref_id`**: One or more document IDs from `metadata.csv` that support the answer. \n- **`ref_url`**: One or more URL(s) of the cited document(s). \n- **`supporting_materials`**: Verbatim justification from the cited document (quote, table reference, figure reference, etc.). \n- **`explanation`**: Short reasoning describing why the cited material supports the answer. \n\n**Refer to to the train_QA.csv to study the expected formatting conventions.** \n\n## Scoring\nSubmissions are scored with a custom WattBot score that evaluates three fields for every question and returns a weighted accuracy between **0 – 1**:\n\n| Component        | Weight | What counts as correct                                                                 |\n|------------------|:------:|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| **answer_value** | **0.75** | Matches the ground truth. Numeric answers must be within ±0.1% relative tolerance; categorical values (e.g. `TRUE`, `FALSE`, `Water consumption`) must match exactly after normalization. If a question is unanswerable, this column must contain `is_blank`. |\n| **ref_id**       | **0.15** | Partial credit via Jaccard overlap between your ref_id  set and the ground-truth set (order ignored, case-insensitive). Use 'is_blank' if no evidence is available. |\n| **is_NA**        | **0.10** | For truly unanswerable questions, your submission must mark all relevant fields (`answer_value`, `answer_unit`, `ref_id`, `ref_url`, `supporting_materials`) as `is_blank`. Any other combination scores 0 for this component. |\n\n### Notes\n- Only the answer_value and ref_id columns will be evaluated, but full responses are still expected in the other columns. You're encouraged to make the `explanation` field as useful and detailed as possible to help with debugging and calibrating your RAG pipeline. While short quotes or table references are acceptable, longer natural-language justifications and multi-sentence explanations are also encouraged.\n- The public leaderboard reports the mean WattBot Score on a subset of the test set. A hidden portion is used after the competition deadline for final rankings.  \n\n## Submitting solution\n\nUpload a single **CSV** with the same columns and formatting conventions as train_QA.csv. \n\nSubmit the file via **Make Submission**. The platform will run the metric script (ignoring the `explanation` column for scoring), return your score, and place your team on the public leaderboard.",
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      "name": "rules",
      "content": "#### 1. COMPETITION SPONSOR  \nThis challenge is organized by the [ML+X](https://hub.datascience.wisc.edu/communities/mlx/) community at UW–Madison with support from its sponsors.\n\n#### 2. PRIZES  \nThis is a non-monetary educational challenge. There are no cash or material prizes.  \nTop teams may be invited to present at the Machine Learning Marathon (MLM25) showcase or contribute to open source outputs.\n\n#### 3. TEAM LIMITS  \n- Maximum team size: 5 participants  \n- Team mergers are allowed as long as the merged team’s total number of submissions remains within the allowed limits (5 submissions/day × days active), and you do not exceed the maximum team size.\n\n#### 4. SUBMISSION INTEGRITY  \n- Manual lookup is not allowed for submissions. Many questions could be answered by reading the source papers directly, and it’s fine to sanity-check your pipeline on a smaller scale, but you may not use manual lookup as your “solution.” The point is to design systems that scale across the full benchmark.  \n- Submissions must be produced with code. Do not rely on manually prompting ChatGPT (or similar tools) to generate answers. It’s fine to experiment interactively during development, but this cannot be your final approach. The challenge is to build automated systems. If you are not yet familiar with APIs or open-source libraries, use this opportunity to learn — many options exist on Hugging Face and elsewhere.\n\n#### 5. SUBMISSION LIMITS  \n- Up to 5 submissions per day  \n- At the close of the competition, only your 3 most recent submissions will be carried forward to the private leaderboard. Of those 2, the highest-scoring submission will automatically count as your final result.\n\n#### 6. COMPETITION DATA  \nThe dataset is for non-commercial use only. It may be used for competition participation and academic research. It may not be redistributed or republished.\n\n#### 7. LICENSE  \nWinning teams must release their full solution under an open source license that permits reuse.  ",
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    {
      "name": "abstract",
      "content": "AI systems can consume vast amounts of energy and water, but reliable emissions data remains hard to find and harder to trust. In this challenge, you’ll build a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system that extracts credible environmental impact estimates from academic articles and reports. Your model must output concise, citation-backed answers—or explicitly indicate when the evidence is missing. The goal: turn scattered academic knowledge into transparent, actionable insights for researchers, engineers, and policy makers.",
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    {
      "name": "foundational-rules",
      "content": "The following Kaggle Competition Foundational Rules (“ Foundational Rules ”) apply to every competition regardless of whether the Sponsor creates competition-specific rules. Any competition-specific rules provided by the Sponsor are in addition to these rules, and in the case of any conflict or inconsistency, these Foundational Rules control and nullify contrary competition-specific rules.\n###GENERAL COMPETITION RULES - BINDING AGREEMENT\n####1. ELIGIBILITY\na. To be eligible to enter the Competition, you must be:</h5>\n1. a registered account holder at Kaggle.com; </h6>\n2. the older of 18 years old or the age of majority in your jurisdiction of residence (unless otherwise agreed to by Competition Sponsor and appropriate parental/guardian consents have been obtained by Competition Sponsor); </h6>\n3. not a resident of Crimea, so-called Donetsk People's Republic (DNR) or Luhansk People's Republic (LNR), Cuba, Iran, Syria, or North Korea; and</h6>\n4. not a person or representative of an entity under U.S. export controls or sanctions (see: [https://www.treasury.gov/resourcecenter/sanctions/Programs/Pages/Programs.aspx][1]).</h6>\n\nb. Competitions are open to residents of the United States and worldwide, except that if you are a resident of Crimea, so-called Donetsk People's Republic (DNR) or Luhansk People's Republic (LNR), Cuba, Iran, Syria, North Korea, or are subject to U.S. export controls or sanctions, you may not enter the Competition. Other local rules and regulations may apply to you, so please check your local laws to ensure that you are eligible to participate in skills-based competitions. The Competition Host reserves the right to forego or award alternative Prizes where needed to comply with local laws. If a winner is located in a country where prizes cannot be awarded, then they are not eligible to receive a prize.</h5>\n\nc. If you are entering as a representative of a company, educational institution or other legal entity, or on behalf of your employer, these rules are binding on you, individually, and the entity you represent or where you are an employee. If you are acting within the scope of your employment, or as an agent of another party, you warrant that such party or your employer has full knowledge of your actions and has consented thereto, including your potential receipt of a Prize. You further warrant that your actions do not violate your employer's or entity's policies and procedures.</h5>   \n\nd. The Competition Sponsor reserves the right to verify eligibility and to adjudicate on any dispute at any time. If you provide any false information relating to the Competition concerning your identity, residency, mailing address, telephone number, email address, ownership of right, or information required for entering the Competition, you may be immediately disqualified from the Competition.</h5>\n\n####2. SPONSOR AND HOSTING PLATFORM\n\na. The Competition is sponsored by Competition Sponsor named above. The Competition is hosted on behalf of Competition Sponsor by Kaggle Inc. (\"Kaggle\"). Kaggle is an independent contractor of Competition Sponsor, and is not a party to this or any agreement between you and Competition Sponsor. You understand that Kaggle has no responsibility with respect to selecting the potential Competition winner(s) or awarding any Prizes. Kaggle will perform certain administrative functions relating to hosting the Competition, and you agree to abide by the provisions relating to Kaggle under these Rules. As a Kaggle.com account holder and user of the Kaggle competition platform, remember you have accepted and are subject to the Kaggle Terms of Service at [www.kaggle.com/terms][2] in addition to these Rules.</h5>\n\n####3. COMPETITION PERIOD\na. For the purposes of Prizes, the Competition will run from the Start Date and time to the Final Submission Deadline (such duration the “Competition Period”). The Competition Timeline is subject to change, and Competition Sponsor may introduce additional hurdle deadlines during the Competition Period. Any updated or additional deadlines will be publicized on the Competition Website. It is your responsibility to check the Competition Website regularly to stay informed of any deadline changes. YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DETERMINING THE CORRESPONDING TIME ZONE IN YOUR LOCATION.</h5>\n\n####4. COMPETITION ENTRY\na. NO PURCHASE NECESSARY TO ENTER OR WIN. To enter the Competition, you must register on the Competition Website prior to the Entry Deadline, and follow the instructions for developing and entering your Submission through the Competition Website. Your Submissions must be made in the manner and format, and in compliance with all other requirements, stated on the Competition Website (the \"Requirements\"). Submissions must be received before any Submission deadlines stated on the Competition Website. Submissions not received by the stated deadlines will not be eligible to receive a Prize.</h5>\nb. Submissions may not use or incorporate information from hand labeling or human prediction of the validation dataset or test data records.</h5>\nc. If the Competition is a multi-stage competition with temporally separate training and/or test data, one or more valid Submissions may be required during each Competition stage in the manner described on the Competition Website in order for the Submissions to be Prize eligible.</h5>\nd. Submissions are void if they are in whole or part illegible, incomplete, damaged, altered, counterfeit, obtained through fraud, or late. Competition Sponsor reserves the right to disqualify any entrant who does not follow these Rules, including making a Submission that does not meet the Requirements. </h5>\n\n####5. INDIVIDUALS AND TEAMS\na. Individual Account. You may make Submissions only under one, unique Kaggle.com account. You will be disqualified if you make Submissions through more than one Kaggle account, or attempt to falsify an account to act as your proxy. You may submit up to the maximum number of Submissions per day as specified on the Competition Website. </h5>\nb. Teams. If permitted under the Competition Website guidelines, multiple individuals may collaborate as a Team; however, you may join or form only one Team. Each Team member must be a single individual with a separate Kaggle account. You must register individually for the Competition before joining a Team. You must confirm your Team membership to make it official by responding to the Team notification message sent to your Kaggle account. Team membership may not exceed the Maximum Team Size stated on the Competition Website.</h5>\nc. Team Merger. Teams may request to merge via the Competition Website. Team mergers may be allowed provided that: (i) the combined Team does not exceed the Maximum Team Size; (ii) the number of Submissions made by the merging Teams does not exceed the number of Submissions permissible for one Team at the date of the merger request; (iii) the merger is completed before the earlier of: any merger deadline or the Competition deadline; and (iv) the proposed combined Team otherwise meets all the requirements of these Rules. </h5>\nd. Private Sharing. No private sharing outside of Teams. Privately sharing code or data outside of Teams is not permitted. It's okay to share code if made available to all Participants on the forums.</h5>\n\n####6. SUBMISSION CODE REQUIREMENTS\na. Private Code Sharing. Unless otherwise specifically permitted under the Competition Website or Competition Specific Rules above, during the Competition Period, you are not allowed to privately share source or executable code developed in connection with or based upon the Competition Data or other source or executable code relevant to the Competition (“Competition Code”). This prohibition includes sharing Competition Code between separate Teams, unless a Team merger occurs. Any such sharing of Competition Code is a breach of these Competition Rules and may result in disqualification.</h5>\nb. Public Code Sharing. You are permitted to publicly share Competition Code, provided that such public sharing does not violate the intellectual property rights of any third party. If you do choose to share Competition Code or other such code, you are required to share it on Kaggle.com on the discussion forum or notebooks associated specifically with the Competition for the benefit of all competitors. By so sharing, you are deemed to have licensed the shared code under an Open Source Initiative-approved license (see [www.opensource.org][3]) that in no event limits commercial use of such Competition Code or model containing or depending on such Competition Code.</h5>\nc. Use of Open Source. Unless otherwise stated in the Specific Competition Rules above, if open source code is used in the model to generate the Submission, then you must only use open source code licensed under an Open Source Initiative-approved license (see [www.opensource.org][4]) that in no event limits commercial use of such code or model containing or depending on such code.</h5>\n\n####7. DETERMINING WINNERS\na. Each Submission will be scored and ranked by the evaluation metric stated on the Competition Website. During the Competition Period, the current ranking will be visible on the Competition Website's Public Leaderboard. The potential winner(s) are determined solely by the leaderboard ranking on the Private Leaderboard, subject to compliance with these Rules. The Public Leaderboard will be based on the public test set and the Private Leaderboard will be based on the private test set.</h5>\nb. In the event of a tie, the Submission that was entered first to the Competition will be the winner. In the event a potential winner is disqualified for any reason, the Submission that received the next highest score rank will be chosen as the potential winner.</h5>\n\n####8. NOTIFICATION OF WINNERS & DISQUALIFICATION\na. The potential winner(s) will be notified by email.</h5> \nb. If a potential winner (i) does not respond to the notification attempt within one (1) week from the first notification attempt or (ii) notifies Kaggle within one week after the Final Submission Deadline that the potential winner does not want to be nominated as a winner or does not want to receive a Prize, then, in each case (i) and (ii) such potential winner will not receive any Prize, and an alternate potential winner will be selected from among all eligible entries received based on the Competition’s judging criteria.</h5>\nc. In case (i) and (ii) above Kaggle may disqualify the Participant.  However, in case (ii) above, if requested by Kaggle, such potential winner may provide code and documentation to verify the Participant’s compliance with these Rules. If the potential winner provides code and documentation to the satisfaction of Kaggle, the Participant will not be disqualified pursuant to this paragraph.</h5>\nd. Competition Sponsor reserves the right to disqualify any Participant from the Competition if the Competition Sponsor reasonably believes that the Participant has attempted to undermine the legitimate operation of the Competition by cheating, deception, or other unfair playing practices or abuses, threatens or harasses any other Participants, Competition Sponsor or Kaggle.</h5>\ne. A disqualified Participant may be removed from the Competition leaderboard, at Kaggle's sole discretion. If a Participant is removed from the Competition Leaderboard, additional winning features associated with the Kaggle competition platform, for example Kaggle points or medals, may also not be awarded.</h5>\nf. The final leaderboard list will be publicly displayed at Kaggle.com. Determinations of Competition Sponsor are final and binding.</h5>\n\n####9. PRIZES\na. Prize(s) are as described on the Competition Website and are only available for winning during the time period described on the Competition Website. The odds of winning any Prize depends on the number of eligible Submissions received during the Competition Period and the skill of the Participants. </h5>\nb. All Prizes are subject to Competition Sponsor's review and verification of the Participant’s eligibility and compliance with these Rules, and the compliance of the winning Submissions with the Submissions Requirements. In the event that the Submission demonstrates non-compliance with these Competition Rules, Competition Sponsor may at its discretion take either of the following actions: (i) disqualify the Submission(s); or (ii) require the potential winner to remediate within one week after notice all issues identified in the Submission(s) (including, without limitation, the resolution of license conflicts, the fulfillment of all obligations required by software licenses, and the removal of any software that violates the software restrictions).</h5>\nc. A potential winner may decline to be nominated as a Competition winner in accordance with Section 3.8.</h5>\nd. Potential winners must return all required Prize acceptance documents within two (2) weeks following notification of such required documents, or such potential winner will be deemed to have forfeited the prize and another potential winner will be selected. Prize(s) will be awarded within approximately thirty (30) days after receipt by Competition Sponsor or Kaggle of the required Prize acceptance documents. Transfer or assignment of a Prize is not allowed. </h5>\ne. You are not eligible to receive any Prize if you do not meet the Eligibility requirements in Section 2.7 and Section 3.1 above.</h5>\nf. If a Team wins a monetary Prize, the Prize money will be allocated in even shares between the eligible Team members, unless the Team unanimously opts for a different Prize split and notifies Kaggle before Prizes are issued.</h5>\n\n####10. TAXES\na. ALL TAXES IMPOSED ON PRIZES ARE THE SOLE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE WINNERS. Payments to potential winners are subject to the express requirement that they submit all documentation requested by Competition Sponsor or Kaggle for compliance with applicable state, federal, local and foreign (including provincial) tax reporting and withholding requirements. Prizes will be net of any taxes that Competition Sponsor is required by law to withhold. If a potential winner fails to provide any required documentation or comply with applicable laws, the Prize may be forfeited and Competition Sponsor may select an alternative potential winner. Any winners who are U.S. residents will receive an IRS Form-1099 in the amount of their Prize.</h5>\n\n####11. GENERAL CONDITIONS\na. All federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations apply.</h5>\n\n####12. PUBLICITY\na. You agree that Competition Sponsor, Kaggle and its affiliates may use your name and likeness for advertising and promotional purposes without additional compensation, unless prohibited by law.</h5>\n\n####13. PRIVACY\na. You acknowledge and agree that Competition Sponsor and Kaggle may collect, store, share and otherwise use personally identifiable information provided by you during the Kaggle account registration process and the Competition, including but not limited to, name, mailing address, phone number, and email address (“Personal Information”). Kaggle acts as an independent controller with regard to its collection, storage, sharing, and other use of this Personal Information, and will use this Personal Information in accordance with its Privacy Policy <[www.kaggle.com/privacy][6]>, including for administering the Competition. As a Kaggle.com account holder, you have the right to request access to, review, rectification, portability or deletion of any personal data held by Kaggle about you by logging into your account and/or contacting Kaggle Support at <[www.kaggle.com/contact][7]>.</h5>\nb. As part of Competition Sponsor performing this contract between you and the Competition Sponsor, Kaggle will transfer your Personal Information to Competition Sponsor, which acts as an independent controller with regard to this Personal Information. As a controller of such Personal Information, Competition Sponsor agrees to comply with all U.S. and foreign data protection obligations with regard to your Personal Information. Kaggle will transfer your Personal Information to Competition Sponsor in the country specified in the Competition Sponsor Address listed above, which may be a country outside the country of your residence. Such country may not have privacy laws and regulations similar to those of the country of your residence.</h5>\n\n####14. WARRANTY, INDEMNITY AND RELEASE \na. You warrant that your Submission is your own original work and, as such, you are the sole and exclusive owner and rights holder of the Submission, and you have the right to make the Submission and grant all required licenses.  You agree not to make any Submission that: (i) infringes any third party proprietary rights, intellectual property rights, industrial property rights, personal or moral rights or any other rights, including without limitation, copyright, trademark, patent, trade secret, privacy, publicity or confidentiality obligations, or defames any person; or (ii) otherwise violates any applicable U.S. or foreign state or federal law.</h5>\nb. To the maximum extent permitted by law, you indemnify and agree to keep indemnified Competition Entities at all times from and against any liability, claims, demands, losses, damages, costs and expenses resulting from any of your acts, defaults or omissions and/or a breach of any warranty set forth herein. To the maximum extent permitted by law, you agree to defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Competition Entities from and against any and all claims, actions, suits or proceedings, as well as any and all losses, liabilities, damages, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees) arising out of or accruing from: (a) your Submission or other material uploaded or otherwise provided by you that infringes any third party proprietary rights, intellectual property rights, industrial property rights, personal or moral rights or any other rights, including without limitation, copyright, trademark, patent, trade secret, privacy, publicity or confidentiality obligations, or defames any person; (b) any misrepresentation made by you in connection with the Competition; (c) any non-compliance by you with these Rules or any applicable U.S. or foreign state or federal law; (d) claims brought by persons or entities other than the parties to these Rules arising from or related to your involvement with the Competition; and (e) your acceptance, possession, misuse or use of any Prize, or your participation in the Competition and any Competition-related activity.</h5>\nc. You hereby release Competition Entities from any liability associated with: (a) any malfunction or other problem with the Competition Website; (b) any error in the collection, processing, or retention of any Submission; or (c) any typographical or other error in the printing, offering or announcement of any Prize or winners.</h5>\n\n####15. INTERNET\na. Competition Entities are not responsible for any malfunction of the Competition Website or any late, lost, damaged, misdirected, incomplete, illegible, undeliverable, or destroyed Submissions or entry materials due to system errors, failed, incomplete or garbled computer or other telecommunication transmission malfunctions, hardware or software failures of any kind, lost or unavailable network connections, typographical or system/human errors and failures, technical malfunction(s) of any telephone network or lines, cable connections, satellite transmissions, servers or providers, or computer equipment, traffic congestion on the Internet or at the Competition Website, or any combination thereof, which may limit a Participant’s ability to participate.</h5>\n\n####16. RIGHT TO CANCEL, MODIFY OR DISQUALIFY\na. If for any reason the Competition is not capable of running as planned, including infection by computer virus, bugs, tampering, unauthorized intervention, fraud, technical failures, or any other causes which corrupt or affect the administration, security, fairness, integrity, or proper conduct of the Competition, Competition Sponsor reserves the right to cancel, terminate, modify or suspend the Competition. Competition Sponsor further reserves the right to disqualify any Participant who tampers with the submission process or any other part of the Competition or Competition Website.  Any attempt by a Participant to deliberately damage any website, including the Competition Website, or undermine the legitimate operation of the Competition is a violation of criminal and civil laws. Should such an attempt be made, Competition Sponsor and Kaggle each reserves the right to seek damages from any such Participant to the fullest extent of the applicable law.</h5>\n\n####17. NOT AN OFFER OR CONTRACT OF EMPLOYMENT\na. Under no circumstances will the entry of a Submission, the awarding of a Prize, or anything in these Rules be construed as an offer or contract of employment with Competition Sponsor or any of the Competition Entities. You acknowledge that you have submitted your Submission voluntarily and not in confidence or in trust. You acknowledge that no confidential, fiduciary, agency, employment or other similar relationship is created between you and Competition Sponsor or any of the Competition Entities by your acceptance of these Rules or your entry of your Submission.</h5>\n\n####18. DEFINITIONS\na. \"Competition Data\" are the data or datasets available from the Competition Website for the purpose of use in the Competition, including any prototype or executable code provided on the Competition Website. The Competition Data will contain private and public test sets. Which data belongs to which set will not be made available to Participants. </h5>\nb. An “Entry” is when a Participant has joined, signed up, or accepted the rules of a competition. Entry is required to make a Submission to a competition.</h5>\nc. A “Final Submission” is the Submission selected by the user, or automatically selected by Kaggle in the event not selected by the user, that is/are used for final placement on the competition leaderboard.</h5>\nd. A “Participant” or “Participant User” is an individual who participates in a competition by entering the competition and making a Submission.</h5>\ne. The “Private Leaderboard” is a ranked display of Participants’ Submission scores against the private test set. The Private Leaderboard determines the final standing in the competition.</h5>\nf. The “Public Leaderboard” is a ranked display of Participants’ Submission scores against a representative sample of the test data. This leaderboard is visible throughout the competition.</h5>\ng. A “Sponsor” is responsible for hosting the competition, which includes but is not limited to providing the data for the competition, determining winners, and enforcing competition rules.</h5>\nh. A “Submission” is anything provided by the Participant to the Sponsor to be evaluated for competition purposes and determine leaderboard position. A Submission may be made as a model, notebook, prediction file, or other format as determined by the Sponsor.</h5>\ni. A “Team” is one or more Participants participating together in a Kaggle competition, by officially merging together as a Team within the competition platform.</h5>\n\n  [1]: https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Pages/Programs.aspx\n  [2]: http://www.kaggle.com/terms\n  [3]: http://www.opensource.org\n  [4]: http://www.opensource.org\n  [5]: https://www.kaggle.com/WinningModelDocumentationGuidelines\n  [6]: http://www.kaggle.com/privacy\n  [7]: http://www.kaggle.com/contact\n",
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    {
      "name": "Bonus Round: Contribute Your Own Q&As",
      "content": "Each team may contribute up to 15 Q&A pairs by Oct 27. These will be added to the public test set on Nov. 7 and the leaderboard will refresh. Your team will know its own answers, but that’s fine — they are only a small part of the 250+ test questions. The goal is to add a layer of game-theory while helping WattBot grow into a stronger, community-driven benchmark. Please review submissions carefully and use good ole fashioned organic brains instead of ChatGPT; *any inaccuracies discovered during review will cause the entire set to be discarded and no further questions accepted from that team*.\n\nQuestions and answers should:\n- follow the same conventions as train_QA.csv\n- stick to sustainability topics surrounding AI  \n- be grounded in explicit evidence (quote, table, or figure) with ref ID(s)  \n- be phrased to yield short, checkable answers (numbers, ranges, or categorical names)  \n- to generate good Q&A pairs (that challenge the best RAG systems), we recommend crafting Q&A pairs that have one or more of the following qualities:\n    - combine evidence across multiple papers\n    - involve visual reasoning over figures (bonus: without supporting text to back it up so it's visual reasoning only)\n    - involve simple math/unit conversions/deductions\n    \n**Send your team's Q&A pairs to endemann@wisc.edu by Oct 27**.",
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