# Dark Matter signal search. Episode 1. — Data

来源：https://www.kaggle.com/competitions/dark-matter-signal-search-episode-1/data

采集时间：2026-10-25T04:51:10Z

OPERA detector consists of several huge layers of special sensitive blocks *).
![OPERA overall](https://storage.googleapis.com/kaggle-media/competitions/inclass/6944/media/opera_2d.png)
Each layer is constructed as a wall of a special sandwich-like detection modules, called bricks *):
![](https://storage.googleapis.com/kaggle-media/competitions/inclass/6944/media/opera_ecc_scanning.png)
Such bricks interleave lead with photo emulsion. So as neutrino goes through the brick, it may interact with the lead and produce shower-like patterns, that are described by coordinates and angles of the initial particle and the collection of tracks that belong to the shower. The signal sample consists of simulated events. To obtain background sample the emulsion plates has been exposed to cosmic rays during creation, transportation, etc. Such traces which are mostly random is the main source of the background.
File descriptions
DS_1_train.csv
- the training set
DS_1_test.csv
- the test set
sampleSubmission.csv
- a sample submission file in the correct format
DS_1_electron_train.csv
- vertices of initial shower positions and directions, training set
DS_1_electron_test.csv
- vertices of initial shower positions and directions, test set
Data fields in training/test sets
training/test samples
Id
- ID of a track
X
- X coordinate of the track start
Y
- Y coordinate of the track start
Z
- Z coordinate of the track start
TX
- angle of the track in XZ plane
TY
- angle of the track in YZ plane
chi2
- goodness of fit of the track line to the track hits
there is
signal
field in the training set, which equals to
1.0
for signal event and to
0.0
otherwise.
Training set also has field
event_id
either equals to -999, which means this track is a background or equals to shower ID (see below) in case it is signal.
Data fields in electron shower data sets
Signal tracks from the train/testing sets reference particular electromagnetic shower they belong to. This file contains information on the initial particle of the shower.
event_id
- ID of the shower started by the particle and references by tracks from the files above (only at training sample)
X
- X coordinate of the initial shower electron
Y
- Y coordinate of the initial shower electron
Z
- Z coordinate of the initial shower electron
TX
- angle of the initial shower electron in XZ plane
TY
- angle of the initial shower electron in YZ plane
P
- momentum of the initial electron (only at training sample)
*) images are courtesy of OPERA collaboration.